Lifestyle Behaviours Profile of Spanish Adolescents Who Actively Commute to School.

The aim of this study was to study different 'healthy profiles' through the impact of multiple lifestyle behaviours (sleep patterns, screen time and quality diet) on active commuting to school (ACS) in adolescents. Sixteen secondary schools from four Spanish cities were randomly selected. All participants filled in an "Ad-Hoc" questionnaire to measure their mode of commuting and distance from home to school and their lifestyle behaviours. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to analyse the main predictor variables of ACS. The final sample was 301 adolescents (50.2% girls; mean age ± SD: 14.9 ± 0.48 years). The percentage of ACS was 64.5%. Multiple logistic regressions showed: boys were more active commuters than girls [OR = 2.28 (CI 95%: 1.12−4.64); p = 0.02]; adolescents who lived farther had lower probability to ACS [OR = 0.74 (CI 95%: 0.69−0.80); p < 0.001]; adolescents who met sleep duration recommendations were more likely to ACS [OR = 3.05 (CI 95%: 1.07−8.69); p = 0.04], while with each hour of sleep, the odds of ACS was reduced [OR = 0.51 (CI 95%: 0.30−0.89); p = 0.02]; higher odds were shown to ACS in adolescents who have more adherence to MD [OR = 1.16(CI 95%: 1.00−1.33); p = 0.05]; and habitual breakfast consumption was inversely associated with ACS [OR = 0.41 (CI: 95%: 0.18−0.96); p = 0.04]. ACS was associated with being a boy, living at a shorter distance to school, a daily sleep time ≥ 8 h and presented a higher adherence to MD.

A Qualitative Analysis of an Aerobic Interval Training Programme for Obese Outpatients Carried Out in a Hospital Context.

Purpose: To describe the experience of obese adults following participation in an indoor aerobic interval training (AIT) intervention. Methodology: Qualitative, in-depth semi-structured individual interviews, using phenomenology, with 24 obese adults (body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2) from the Endocrinology Department, at the Severo Ochoa Hospital in Leganés (Madrid). Questions were related to: (a) The physical activity (PA) programme, (b) their perspectives of the activity and exercise environment and (c) the perceived benefits from participation. Data were analysed with a constant comparison approach. Results: The main patients' reasons for beginning the programme were motivations to take part including weight loss, health improvement and doctors' recommendation. Also, patients showed doubts and feelings of apprehension at the beginning of the intervention. Patients highlighted the role of the instructor, feelings of exercising in a safe environment, a good intervention and accessibility of the facility. They reported an improvement in their quality of life and recommended continuing the program. Conclusions: (1) Common themes in the qualitative analysis included enjoyment of the activity and a desire to maintain physical fitness, (2) AIT was perceived as a suitable exercise programme for this population and (3) recommendations for further investigation to understand the role of PA programmes for people with obesity.

[Sarcopenic obesity in elderly women: influence of I/D polymorphism of the angiotension converter enzyme]. / Obesidad sarcopénica en mujeres mayores: influencia del polimorfismo I/D de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina.

INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a term that refers to an increase of fat mass together with a decrease of muscle mass, which is suffered by a high percentage of elderly population. Physical activity seems to be a good strategy to prevent it getting worse. However, genetic factors related to the aging process and to elderly's physical fitness could have an influence on it. AIM: To determine if elderly women > 60 who practice physical activity regularly had differences in sarcopenic obesity according to the I/D polymorphism from the ACE (angiotensin converter enzyme) gen. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 300 elderly women who have practiced physical exercise at least twice a week for the past two years. Anthropometric data, physical activity and sedentary behaviour questionnaire, sarcopenic obesity (determining the percentage of fat mass and total muscle mass by electrical impedance and grouping the quintiles of these values into four groups) and physical fitness assessment, as well as ACE gen genotype measured by oral mucosa sample, were evaluated. RESULTS: There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in sarcopenic obesity according to ACE I/D genotype (SO values: 2.18 ACE DD vs 2.48 ACE II + ACE ID). CONCLUSIONS: Women who were ACE DD presented lower risk of sarcopenic obesity than those in the ACE II and ACE ID groups.

Obesidad sarcopénica en mujeres mayores: influencia del polimorfismo I/D de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina / Sarcopenic obesity in elderly women: influence of I/D polymorphism of the angiotension converter enzyme

Introducción: la obesidad sarcopénica (OS) es un término que relaciona el aumento de la masa grasa con la disminución de la masa muscular y que afecta a un importante porcentaje de población mayor. La falta de ejercicio regular y factores genéticos relacionados con el envejecimiento y la condición física podrían influir en su aparición. Objetivo: determinar si las mujeres mayores de 60 años que practican de forma continuada ejercicio físico presentan diferencias en la obesidad sarcopénica en función del polimorfismo I/D del gen de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ACE). Métodos: estudio transversal de 300 mujeres mayores que realizaban ejercicio físico al menos dos veces a la semana en los últimos dos años. Se tomaron datos de medidas antropométricas, cuestionario de comportamiento actividad-sedentarismo, evaluación de la obesidad sarcopénica (a través de la determinación del porcentaje de masa grasa y masa muscular total mediante impedancia eléctrica y la agrupación de los quintiles de estos valores en cuatro grupos), evaluación de la condición física y genotipado del gen ACE mediante extracción de ADN de mucosa oral. Resultados: se encontraron diferencias significativas en la obesidad sarcopénica en función del genotipo I/D de ACE. Las mujeres del grupo ACE DD presentaron menor riesgo de padecer obesidad sarcopénica que aquellas con genotipo ACE II y ACE ID (valores OS: 2.18 genotipo ACE DD frente a 2.48 genotipo ACE II + ACE ID; p < 0,05). Conclusiones: las mujeres mayores de 60 años con genotipo ACE DD que practican ejercicio regularmente presentan menor riesgo de padecer obesidad sarcopénica (AU)

Introduction: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a term that refers to an increase of fat mass together with a decrease of muscle mass, which is suffered by a high percentage of elderly population. Physical activity seems to be a good strategy to prevent it getting worse. However, genetic factors related to the aging process and to elderly's physical fitness could have an influence on it. Aim: To determine if elderly women > 60 who practice physical activity regularly had differences in sarcopenic obesity according to the I/D polymorphism from the ACE (angiotensin converter enzyme) gen. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 300 elderly women who have practiced physical exercise at least twice a week for the past two years. Anthropometric data, physical activity and sedentary behaviour questionnaire, sarcopenic obesity (determining the percentage of fat mass and total muscle mass by electrical impedance and grouping the quintiles of these values into four groups) and physical fitness assessment, as well as ACE gen genotype measured by oral mucosa sample, were evaluated. Results: There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in sarcopenic obesity according to ACE I/D genotype (SO values: 2.18 ACE DD vs 2.48 ACE II + ACE ID). Conclusions: Women who were ACE DD presented lower risk of sarcopenic obesity than those in the ACE II and ACE ID groups (AU)

Cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de actividad física para la salud en adultos hipertensos / Achievement of physical activity healthy guidelines in hypertensive adults

Introducción: Parece necesario educar a los pacientes en la importancia de realizar AF para mejorar su salud, y específicamente, sobre las implicaciones que la intensidad de la AF tiene para la salud. Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar si se cumplían las recomendaciones de actividad física (AF) para la salud en un grupo de pacientes hipertensos controlados de dos centros de atención primaria: La Estación y La Algodonera, situados en Talavera de la Reina (Toledo). Métodos: Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento: Centros de atención primaria «La Estación» y «La Algodonera», situados en Talavera de la Reina. Participantes: Un total de 80 pacientes hipertensos controlados de 40 a 60 años que cumplían los criterios de inclusión, fueron invitados a formar parte en el estudio, de los cuales fueron analizados los resultados válidos de 52 pacientes. Mediciones principales: Se cuantificó la actividad física diaria con acelerometría, obteniéndose los minutos de AF a intensidad de moderada a vigorosa (AFMV) y de actividad ligera, y el número de pasos. Los datos se presentaron diferenciando los días laborables y los días festivos. Resultados: Sólo un 59,6 % de los sujetos de la muestra cumplía la recomendación de realizar un mínimo de 30 minutos de AF de intensidad de moderada a vigorosa al día para la mejora de la salud. Los hombres realizaron significativamente más minutos de AFMV en los días festivos que las mujeres, y solamente las mujeres, mostraron diferencias significativas en los minutos de AFMV entre en los días laborables respecto a los festivos. Conclusiones: El 59,6% de los pacientes hipertensos controlados de esta muestra cumplían con las recomendaciones mínimas de AF para la salud; el resto debería incrementar su AF para cumplir las recomendaciones y con ello mejorar sus niveles de tensión arterial (AU)

Introduction: It seems necessary to educate patients in the need of realize the importance of physical activity to improve their health, and specifically, about the important implications that the intensity of physical activity has for health and fitness benefits. Objective: The aim of this was to evaluate achievement of physical activity recommendations for health in a group of hypertensive controlled patients from two primary care centers: La Estación y La Algodonera located in Talavera de la Reina (Toledo). Methods: Design: Cross-sectional study. Location: Primary care centers: La Estación y La Algodonera located in Talavera de la Reina. Participants: A total of 80 controlled hypertensive patients aged 40 to 60 years old who met the inclusion criteria were invited to the study. A sample of 52 patients obtained valid results to enter the study. Main measures: Minutes of Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), minutes of light activity and number steps were measured. Data was displayed by gender and weekdays vs weekend days. Results: Only 59.6% of patients achieved the minimum recommendation of 30 minutes of MVPA at least every day to improve health. Male achieved significantly more MVPA during the weekend than female did. Only women presented significant differences between MVPA during week days vs weekend days. Conclusions: 59.6% of hypertensive controlled patients of our sample achieve the minimal physical activity recommendations for health; the rest of the sample should increase their physical activity to achieve the recommendation and to improve their blood pressure levels (AU)

[Achievement of physical activity healthy guidelines in hypertensive adults]. / Cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de actividad física para la salud en adultos hipertensos.

INTRODUCTION: It seems necessary to educate patients in the need of realize the importance of physical activity to improve their health, and specifically, about the important implications that the intensity of physical activity has for health and fitness benefits. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this was to evaluate achievement of physical activity recommendations for health in a group of hypertensive controlled patients from two primary care centers: La Estación y La Algodonera located in Talavera de la Reina (Toledo). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. LOCATION: Primary care centers: La Estación y La Algodonera located in Talavera de la Reina. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 80 controlled hypertensive patients aged 40 to 60 years old who met the inclusion criteria were invited to the study. A sample of 52 patients obtained valid results to enter the study. MAIN MEASURES: Minutes of Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), minutes of light activity and number steps were measured. Data was displayed by gender and weekdays vs weekend days. RESULTS: Only 59.6% of patients achieved the minimum recommendation of 30 minutes of MVPA at least every day to improve health. Male achieved significantly more MVPA during the weekend than female did. Only women presented significant differences between MVPA during week days vs weekend days. CONCLUSIONS: 59.6% of hypertensive controlled patients of our sample achieve the minimal physical activity recommendations for health; the rest of the sample should increase their physical activity to achieve the recommendation and to improve their blood pressure levels.

Introducción: Parece necesario educar a los pacientes en la importancia de realizar AF para mejorar su salud, y específicamente, sobre las implicaciones que la intensidad de la AF tiene para la salud. Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar si se cumplían las recomendaciones de actividad física (AF) para la salud en un grupo de pacientes hipertensos controlados de dos centros de atención primaria: La Estación y La Algodonera, situados en Talavera de la Reina (Toledo). Métodos: Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento: Centros de atención primaria "La Estación" y "La Algodonera", situados en Talavera de la Reina. Participantes: Un total de 80 pacientes hipertensos controlados de 40 a 60 años que cumplían los criterios de inclusión, fueron invitados a formar parte en el estudio, de los cuales fueron analizados los resultados válidos de 52 pacientes. Mediciones principales: Se cuantificó la actividad física diaria con acelerometría, obteniéndose los minutos de AF a intensidad de moderada a vigorosa (AFMV) y de actividad ligera, y el número de pasos. Los datos se presentaron diferenciando los días laborables y los días festivos. Resultados: Sólo un 59,6 % de los sujetos de la muestra cumplía la recomendación de realizar un mínimo de 30 minutos de AF de intensidad de moderada a vigorosa al día para la mejora de la salud. Los hombres realizaron significativamente más minutos de AFMV en los días festivos que las mujeres, y solamente las mujeres, mostraron diferencias significativas en los minutos de AFMV entre en los días laborables respecto a los festivos. Conclusiones: El 59,6% de los pacientes hipertensos controlados de esta muestra cumplían con las recomendaciones mínimas de AF para la salud; el resto debería incrementar su AF para cumplir las recomendaciones y con ello mejorar sus niveles de tensión arterial.